The office responded to 63, letters from families and located 22, men, Barton closed the Office of Missing Soldiers in She was 59 years old. The American Red Cross was founded in , after Clara Barton learned of the international movement while visiting Geneva, Switzerland in This is the invitation Clara Barton sent for the first Red Cross meeting. An appeal for disaster relief after a flooding event occurred in , signed by Clara Barton and her committee, including Frederick Douglass.
The early years of the American Red Cross were spent responding to disasters, which included floods, fires, and hurricanes. The Red Cross responded providing medical care, shelter, food, supplies and housing materials.
With fields inundated by saltwater and crops and homes destroyed, the Red Cross provided food, shelter, medical care, seeds and supplies to the storm victims. This picture of the clipping is assumed to be taken in the time of the Spanish American War. In , Clara Barton led the U. Petersburg, Russia.
She was photographed with B. Tillinghast, who accompanied her to Russia, and Admiral N. By , Barton retired from the Red Cross. She lived out the rest of her life at her Glenn Echo, MD home and died there on April 12, , at the age of She is buried in the family cemetery in North Oxford, MA.
Clara Barton was working in the U. Like many women, she helped collect bandages and other much-needed supplies, but she soon realized that she could best support the troops by going in person to the battlefields.
When her service to the Union soldiers was complete, Barton traveled to Europe. There, she became aware of the Geneva, Switzerland-based Red Cross, which called for international agreements to protect the sick and wounded during wartime and for the formation of national societies to give aid voluntarily on a neutral basis.
Upon her return home, Barton was determined that the United States should participate in the global Red Cross network. Over the course of her life, she also made many forward steps for women in other areas. Clara Barton was born in Massachusetts in She was a woman who had several careers prior to the Civil War and the actions that would make her famous.
She worked as a teacher from a young age and as an educator, founded a free school in Bordentown, NJ. Eventually, as the school grew, its board elected a male principal at a higher pay level with the belief that a man was more appropriate for the position. As a result, Clara resigned her position. She moved on to become one of the first women to become a clerk for the Federal government when she was hired to work in the U.
Patent Office in Washington DC in Barton became personally involved in the events of the Civil War while still working at the patent office in Washington DC. At the beginning of the war, men with war injuries were sent to the city following the Baltimore Riot of Offering her assistance, Clara recognized some of the wounded men as former students or acquaintances and made note of the lack of supplies including food and clothing. She began to collect the needed provisions and even used her own home to store medical supplies.
Soon, she began to deliver these supplies to field hospitals, however, women were not allowed close to battles and she did not have a permit to be near the actual fighting. Not content with her inability to help where needed, she eventually made her way to battlefields and subsequently gained permission. At the Battle of Cedar Mountain and a number of additional battles, Barton, who was not a formally trained nurse, was able to provide additional care and comfort to the wounded and dying as a result, her own life was often at risk.
Later in the Morris Island campaign, Barton passed out fresh food and mail to the men in the trenches. Because of her exposure to the terrible, unsanitary conditions endured by the soldiers, she herself became gravely ill and was evacuated to Hilton Head.
She later wrote of the largely forgotten campaign:. The thousand little sand-hills that in the pale moonlight are a thousand headstones, and the restless ocean waves that roll and breakup on the whitened beach sing an eternal requiem to the toll-worn gallant dead who sleep beside.
In , she was appointed by Maj. Benjamin Butler as the "lady in charge" of the hospitals of the Army of the James. After the war ended, Barton continued her work as a humanitarian. She also accompanied an army expedition that identified and marked the graves of nearly 13, Union prisoners of war and established the Andersonville National Cemetery in Georgia.
Clara Barton is probably best known for her founding of the American Red Cross, for which she was also the first president. She led the organization for twenty-three years.
It was her idea to incorporate natural disaster relief into the core mission of the American Red Cross. This idea was adopted by the International Red Cross and her influence changed the course of world-wide relief that carries forward to this day. So it may well be said that the success of the American Red Cross is largely due to the hands on battlefield experience of Clara Barton during the Civil War.
She is truly the Angel of the Battlefield and a great American hero. Explore This Park. Civil War nurse, humanitarian and founder of American Red Cross. Place of Birth:.
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